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Adequate testing of AI applications is essential to ensure their quality. However, it is often prohibitively difficult to generate realistic test cases or to check software correctness. This paper proposes a new method called datamorphic testing, which consists of three components: a set of seed test cases, a set of datamorphisms for transforming test cases, and a set of metamorphisms for checking test results. With an example of face recognition application, the paper demonstrates how to develop datamorphic test frameworks, and illustrates how to perform testing in various strategies, and validates the approach using an experiment with four real industrial applications of face recognition.
This paper presents an automated tool called Morphy for datamorphic testing. It classifies software test artefacts into test entities and test morphisms, which are mappings on testing entities. In addition to datamorphisms, metamorphisms and seed test case makers, Morphy also employs a set of other test morphisms including test case metrics and filters, test set metrics and filters, test result analysers and test executers to realise test automation. In particular, basic testing activities can be automated by invoking test morphisms. Test strategies can be realised as complex combinations of test morphisms. Test processes can be automated by recording, editing and playing test scripts that invoke test morphisms and strategies. Three types of test strategies have been implemented in Morphy: datam… border exploration strategies and strategies for test set optimisation via genetic algorithms. This pap…rithms. The paper also illustrates their uses for testing both traditional software and AI applications with thr…
Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment\U080 Computing A\U08072 Software Analysis and Testing
Placement tests for students who are interested in learning a language while studying at Brookes.
This special issue was born within the COST Action IS1401ELN – Strengthening Europeans’ Capabilities by Establishing the European Literacy Network, with the major goal of disseminating evidence-based practices to promote handwriting and motivate researchers to move this research field forward. This issue includes five articles testing a different range of interventions to promote handwriting in students with and without disabilities from kindergarten to middle grades, across multiple contexts (viz., United States, Switzerland, Belgium, and Portugal). A final commentary paper closes the special issue with a discussion on the importance of acquiring fluent and legible handwriting along with the contributions and limitations of the investigations presented in the special issue.
Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment\U080 Computing A
Chapter from the Library training course "A guide to Business and Economics databases"