This study applied the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) to understand barriers and facilitators to bystander behaviours in UK students. The BCW includes detailed examination of the capabilities, opportunities and motivations involved in behaviours. Two surveys (n=515; n=201) and a focus group study (n = 12) were undertaken. Capability to intervene may be influenced by confidence and beliefs about physical ability and safety. Students appeared to have the physical opportunity to intervene, but social opportunity might be influenced by cultural norms. Motivations might be influenced by beliefs as well as inherent stereotypes about perpetrators and victims. Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) such as instruction on how to perform the behaviour, reattribution and creating a valued self-identity should be applied to overcome these barriers. A logic model to theorise the change processes underlying bystander behaviours in this population offers a new perspective on what needs to be addressed in interventions.
Davies, Emma L. Hussain, SofiaBrooke, Joanne M. Hale, TristanCadle, MarthaHennelly, Sarah E.
Department of Psychology, Health and Professional Development
Year of publication: 2022Date of RADAR deposit: 2021-05-25
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