In 1995 critic Larry Gross criticized Hollywood’s “Big Loud Action Movie” for its hyperbole and excess. Although his article does not focus on sound, the use of “loud” as a disparaging description highlights the fact that action films have been and continue to be thought of as noisy, sonically chaotic, and sometimes dangerously high-volume. Such commonplace rhetoric obscures the nuance and complexity of the soundscapes of action cinema. Using case studies from the recent Tom Cruise Mission Impossible and Daniel Craig James Bond franchises, this chapter focuses on the physical fight scene as the center point of action cinema’s sonic impact aesthetic. Interrogating the complexities and pleasures of “big loud” action fight scenes as well as their “quieter” counterparts, the chapter argues that sound is not only crucial to the fight scene’s appeal but is key to its construction as an identifiable set piece.
The ‘recycling’ of people, capital and ideas is a key process that can support activity in an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Previous research has shown that knowledge recycled from prior employment is important for the entrepreneurial ecosystem and we expand upon this to understand which types of knowledge, as well as individual motivations for transferring this knowledge. We have created a novel dataset to track employee career trajectories within an ecosystem, showing the extent to which employees derive experience from within the ecosystem as well as the extent to which they recycle their entrepreneurial experience by returning to employment. A sample from this dataset participated in semi-structured interviews. The interviews provide early empirical evidence on entrepreneurial recycling through career mobility and development within entrepreneurial ecosystems. In contrast to prior findings of a low prevalence of direct entrepreneurial activity through entrepreneurial recycling, we show a high prevalence of e…
Tackling the issue of healthy aging in society is complex. It requires an interdisciplinary perspective and different forms of innovation. This article provides a commentary on the role of innovation policy in addressing healthy aging, particularly in the UK context. We argue that the wide range of economic activities related to healthy aging is part of a hybrid domain rather than a single sector. This represents a new generation of innovation policy for healthy aging which prioritizes understanding how different actors can be connected to support a spectrum of types of innovation which will contribute to providing better goods, services, and practices for older people. We explore social innovation as it relates to hybrid domains such as healthy aging and discuss the role of place in creating policy which generates both societal and market value. We recommend that policymakers use these concepts to build a better understanding of the economies that are evolving around healthy aging and where opportunities exi…
Our contribution explores the audio-visual representations of narrative silence and ambiguity in films adapted from novels characterised by their unreliable narrator. Based on a number of conceptual paradigms – among which are studies on multimodality (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2001; Weissbrod & Kohn, 2019) and adaptation (Bassnett, 2001; Hutcheon & O'Flynn, 2013) – the investigation qualitatively compared three films adapted from novels with unreliable narrators: Mark Romanek’s (2010) Never Let Me Go, after Kazuo Ishiguro’s 2005 dystopian novel; Roger Michell’s (2017) My Cousin Rachel, after Daphne du Maurier’s 1951 novel; and Lenny Abrahamson’s (2018) The Little Stranger, after Sarah Waters’ 2009 novel – all bearing the same titles. Using the films mentioned above, the paper links cinematic and literary unreliability, identifying and classifying the devices used to represent unreliability in an audiovisual context, while comparing this new typology of cinematic unreliability devices to the original novels.
Background. Heart Failure is a life-limiting condition with a poor and uniquely unpredictable prognosis. The aim of this review is to present and synthesise the current evidence around bereaved caregivers’ experiences of end of life care for people with Heart Failure. Methods. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using four electronic databases (CINHAL, Medline, BND, PsycINFO). Data was analysed and presented using a narrative synthesis approach. Results. Eight articles were included within this review. Themes included: Limited and inadequate communication around the condition (including prognosis, preparations for death and the aim of palliative care), the burden of caregiving, and the limited provision of services and formal support. Conclusion. Bereaved caregivers experience unique and significant challenges when caring for someone dying from Heart Failure. However, further research is required to greater understand the experiences of bereaved caregivers of people with Heart Failure.
Qualitative research literature discusses how power shapes the interview process and the resulting data and explores the epistemic basis for interview research theoretically. However, processes of negotiating epistemic authority in the interview situation, and in data analysis, are investigated less frequently. This paper draws on 34 interviews with social science academics interested in gender, feminist and queer studies in four English universities to reflect on the epistemological challenges of researching social researchers about their work. Through this, it contributes to explorations of how, in qualitative interviewing and data analysis, we can combine a critical reading of interview data with a commitment to respondents’ accounts of their realities. I argue that Black, anti-colonial, queer, feminist epistemological approaches can be well suited to navigate this challenge. I advocate for an epistemic reflexivity that acknowledges the fluidity of speaker positions while taking structural power relations,…
Background. The frequency of mammographic surveillance for women after diagnosis of breast cancer varies globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether less than annual mammography was non-inferior in terms of breast cancer-specific survival in women aged 50 years or older. Methods. Mammo-50 was a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial of annual versus less frequent mammography (2-yearly after conservation surgery; 3-yearly after a mastectomy) for women aged 50 years or older at initial diagnosis of invasive or non-invasive breast cancer and who were recurrence free 3 years post curative surgery. The trial was conducted at 114 National Health Service hospitals in the UK. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to annual or less frequent mammograms at 3 years post curative surgery and were followed up for 6 years. The co-primary outcomes were breast cancer-specific survival and cost-effectiveness. The cost-effectiveness analysis will be reported elsewhere. Breast cancer-specific survival was asse…
Effective uncertainty estimation is becoming increasingly attractive for enhancing the reliability of neural networks. This work presents a novel approach, termed Credal-Set Interval Neural Networks (CreINNs), for classification. CreINNs retain the fundamental structure of traditional Interval Neural Networks, capturing weight uncertainty through deterministic intervals. CreINNs are designed to predict an upper and a lower probability bound for each class, rather than a single probability value. The probability intervals can define a credal set, facilitating estimating different types of uncertainties associated with predictions. Experiments on standard multiclass and binary classification tasks demonstrate that the proposed CreINNs can achieve superior or comparable quality of uncertainty estimation compared to variational Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) and Deep Ensembles. Furthermore, CreINNs significantly reduce the computational complexity of variational BNNs during inference. Moreover, the effective unc…
Fluralaner is a novel insecticide targeting the ionotropic GABA receptor (GABAR) subunit, RDL. A recent study revealed that N316L, a substitution of asparagine (N) with leucine (L), in the second transmembrane (M2)-spanning region reduced the antagonist action of fluralaner on the housefly Musca domestica RDL (MdRDL) in vitro. To verify the impact of N316L in vivo, the corresponding mutation (N318L) in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster RDL (DmRDL) was constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. The homozygous DmRDLN318L mutant showed a 9.87-fold resistance to fluralaner compared with w1118 while still being highly sensitive to broflanilide and fipronil, which is consistent with those findings observed in the electrophysiology assays of the homomeric DmRDLWT or DmRDLN318L channel. Moreover, DmRDLN318L led to malformed ovaries, stunted eggs, and sterility in homozygous females. These results highlighted N318 as a molecular site for fluralaner in vivo and in vitro and might elucidate the resistance mechanis…
This article presents the findings of an exploratory survey conducted among 256 experts engaged in German manufacturing firms to explore practices related to integrating Lean with Industry 4.0. Using the Dynamic Capabilities framework as a theoretical lens, the study validates 43 practices organised into six dimensions: ‘initiating’, ‘sensing’, ‘seizing’, ‘transforming’, ‘resources’, and ‘capabilities’. Theoretically, the research contributes by concretising the classical dimensions of Dynamic Capabilities and proposing the novel dimension of ‘initiating’, enhancing the theory's holism and applicability in the context of LM and I4.0 integrations. Managerially, the study provides a practical framework for self-assessment and strategic planning, emphasising the critical importance of early-stage practices related to ‘change’, ‘resources’, ‘capabilities’, and ‘initiating’. These elements are crucial for triggering subsequent integration phases and ensuring successful execution. The framework addresses technology…